Gas generating apparatus



1951 L. L. WARRINER GAS GENERATING APPARATUS Filed July 14, 1947 2 SHEETS Sl-IEET l Inventor Lorron L. Warn'ner 1951 L. L. WARRINER GAS GENERATING APPARATUS 2 SliEETSSHEET 2 Filed July 14, 1947 Fig. 2.

i w k T S m m m m m M m n .Wu 5 L 4 H w W 10..% V. M* B 9 H Patented Dec. 4, 1951 GAS GENERATING APPARATUS Lorron L. Warriner, Miami, Fla., assignor, by mesne, assignments, to Vapo-Gas Consolidated, Inc., a corporationof Florida Application July 14, 1947,'Seriai No. 760,736 4 Claims. (01. 261-26) 1 My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for and methods of producing gaseous fuel mixtures from air and volatile liquid hydrocarbons, especially gasoline and benaol, also alcohol. 1 In producing such mixtures by present-day practices, for instance, by bubbling air through liquid hydrocarbons to obtain a gaseous mixture suitable for fuel, or other purposes, the mixture obtained is frequently unstabl'a'that is, it varies from a rich mixture to a lean one unsuitable for fuel purposes. Also, a heavy residue of liquid is left over which is not suitable for any purpose, constitutes waste, and presents a. disposal problem. r Y With the foregoing in mind, the primary object of my invention is to provide for inexpensively producing such a gaseous mixture of unvarying proportions and constant value for fuel purposes, particularly in internal combustion en-= gines, and without waste of such liquid, or residue.

Another object is to provide apparatus for the purpose above set forth particularly adapted for installation at filling stations, and like places where such liquid hydrocarbons are stored in quantity underground, and where an air compressor is available, the apparatus being automatical- 1y operative to produce such a mixture when connected to such storage sources and compressed air supplying devices. A

Other and subordinate objects, also comprehended by my invention, together with the precise'nature of my improvements, will be readily understood when the succeeding description and claims are read with reference to the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification;

In said drawings: c

Figure 1 is a view in perspective of a preferred form of apparatus for practicing my improved method; j

Figure 2 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the solenoid valves and the pressure controlled electric switches with the wiring therefor; and

Ffigure 3 isa view in vertical section of the generating, or carbureting, tank drawn to a larger 9 Referring to the drawings by numerals, according to my invention as illustrated, apparatus is I suitable liquid level gauge 2 thereon and an inlet pipe 3 extending downwardly through the top thereof and discharging into a hollow spreader 4 the bottom of said tank. The spreader 4 is of ,stepped, frusto-conical form to provide a series at the output side thereof to the gas generating,

or carbureting, tank I by a liquid feed line 8 suitably coupled, as at 9, to said tank 1 adjacent the top of the tank. A back pressure check valve III is interposed in the liquid feed line 8.

An electric motor II is operatively coupled, as at I2, to the drive shaft I3 of the pump 1.

A liquid supply line I extends from the intake side of the pump and is adapted to be connected to a source of liquid hydrocarbon supply, such as an underground storage tank, not shown, of a filling station.

A solenoid valve I 4 is connected by a liquid discharge pipe I4 to the bottom of the gas gencrating, or carbureting, tank I with an outlet for discharging liquid from said tank. The solenoid valve I I is designed to be connected to the storage tank, previously mentioned, for returning liquid from said tank I back to said storage tank.

An air pressure line I5 is provided for connection to a suitable source of air under pressure, for instance, an air compressor, not shown, of a filling station or the like. The air pressure line I5 extends to the top of the gas generating, or carbureting, tank I.

interposed in the air pressure line I5, in the order named, between the source of air pressure and said ,tank I is a pressure gauge I6 for indicating the air pressure at the source, a pressure reducing'valve II for reducing the pressurefrom the source, and a solenoid valve I8 for a purpose presently seen. A back pressure check valve I9 is also interposed in said line I5 between the solenoid valve I8 and said tank I.

A switch controlling pressure line '20 extends from the top portion of the gas generating, or carbureting, tank I vto a branch line 2| suitably coupled at its ends to a pair-of pressure-controlled electric switches 22, ,23, the switch 22 being electrically connected, through a .conduit .24, to the solenoid valve I4, and the switch 23 being similarly connected through the conduit25 to the motor I I to control said motor. A third pressure controlled electric switch 26 is electrically connected through a conduit 21 to the solenoid valve line 28 between said check valve 3| and the pres sure-control tank 29.

Three storage tanks 36, 31, 38 are provided inthe apparatus for storing the mixture in quantity, three of like size andlcapaci-ty as' compared with the pressure-control tank "29being utilized so that a standard size of small tanks may "be embodied in the apparatus to reduce the acost thereof.

A discharge line 33 extends from the pressure 1 control tank 23 to the storage tank 36 with a secondpressure-reducing 'valvie F49 -'.int.erposed there'in. Discharge lines 4!,A2 -.extendibetween the-storage tanksv 3%, 31i and the storagetanks -31, "13drespeotively. line T39 :is extended from the discharge line '39 to .a pressure gauge 40' and between the pressure-reducing valve :40 :andthe storage :tank :35, icri a purpose "presentl'yiseen.

A service discharge. line l31extendsrfromuthie storage tank 38 with .a ishut-cfi :cock M therein and a pressure-reducing valve 115 therein between said cockfiid and the .Cischargeeendof the line. l v

The-pr essure-contrclled electric switches 22 i 23 26 may be @of any usual 1 diaphragm type in which a movable element i lt'selcses circuit by engaging a pair of contacts"waeonnected by lines at, 53, in the'ccnduits 51 52 ,to a junction box 53.,itheimovable element ifiin the case of the switches 22,426 being-connected up'cn op'posite sides thereof-to th'e .sclenoid coils 54 eby lines 354, .55. in the conduits 24, 25 and the ccre lld of eaeh-solenoidno'r- -inally closing the v'alv e. In the caseeof the. pressure-controlled switchfi't ,':the movable element 45 normally engages the-related contacts Adzandis connected to oppcsite sides .ofthe motor-1| Lby wires 5-1 to energize said motor when the-contacts J66 areenga'ged. The junctionbox fiil istconnected by l ines =5 3, extending through a conduit 59, "with a -"su-itable-switch 53 interposed inone line; to a s "uitalivl'e source'of electric current; nctshown.

" The apparatus described is suitably. mounted-in a s'ikelete'kn' rrarne including a platform -fi 5isupportmg the' generating, or carbureting tank pl, the pump 1, the electric motor ii, thefso'lenoid valve ll andthe stcrage'tanks.33 and 38, the-pressurecontrol tank 29 and the storage tanksfifi "bein "supported'in elevated position .by .elevateiircrpssears 66, 6'! in said ira'me 'and thevpressureicontrolled electric switches 2 2 2E3 2 6', together with 'elevatedcrossbar Eiil-in said frame. I

-"-Describing' new a cycle preparation-"of: thefapparatus. Assuming the apparatus -toabe :completely empty of "both liquid fuel and gas and is to-be initiallystarted, the switch 8'0 shouldnbe:

closed and the air pressure line l 5 closed'from-the source of air supply, forin'stanceat'saidsource, or by a special valve, not s'hown;-in.saidline. By closing the switch 613, the'motor H will be ener- "gized to pump liquid fuel into the gas generating or carbureting tank -I through theefeed line 3. 'When sufiicient liquid fuel, substantially a gallon, "has been pumped into the :gas generating or c'arbureting tank I, as indicated by the liquid level gauge 2, the spreader 4 will be submerged "40 e. Obvious- "the junction box :53, beingisupported tbysanoth'er V and the air pressure line l5 should be opened to the source of air supply. There being no pressure in the tanks 29, 36, 31, 38 prior to such opening of said line 15, the electric switch 22 is open and 5 solenoid valve [4 closed. Pressure switch 26 is closed and solenoid valve IB open. Therefore, when the air pressure line I5 is opened to the sourceof air supply, whichis done after the above "designated" quantity of liquid fuel has been pumped into said tank air passes through the p'ressure reducing valve I1 and the pressure is reduced, to substantially pounds and then passes'through solenoid valve l8 and into the generating, or carbureting, tank I to issue out of the 1 5' spreader l and iorm with the liquid fuel a gaseous mixture in said tank l. The pressure thus built up in-said tank l passes into the pressure control tank 29 byway o'f'the line 28 and when pressure in said tanks I and 29 has reached substantially 20 twenty-four pounds, the electric switch 23 is opened, thus stoppin the mo and pump g of :liquid fuel *into said tank I. Pressure continues -to :rise fin said tanks I "29 until itlhas been .increiased to substantially thirty-three pounds, at

5 which point'the electric switch 26 opens and dexenergizes the solenoid valve 1-8 which closes, thus :shuttingpfi further airsupplyto said-tank], ,At this ,point,- the electric switch 22 closes thereby energizing "SOIBIlOid valve 14 to eopen the .same,

30 whereupon :the: liguid 'fuel in said tank I is disweharg'ediback to thesource'of supply by the presisulje pf 'thility-threepounds in said tank I. I

The 1gaseous.mixture passes-from thepressure' control tank 29 to the second pressure-reducing valve 40, by way of the line 39,and the pressure isreduoed to, ier instanqer, eight-pounds, the mixture -under.such reduced pressurepassing into the storage ;tank 36 :and from ,there into the storage ita-nks-3L:38,--successively,-in a manner which will This pressure i may be verified by .reading the-.pressure gauge Ail. From thefstorage tank 38, the mixture may be dischargedianid ,dispensed through the dispensing 0r service line 473, under control of the shut-off cook 24, through the final pressure-redu'cingvalve &5 whichis de- "-signe el to reduce the pressure of the mixture to .apprp ximately. five pounds .for commercial use ,in

ternal combus tion engines, particularly. enthe pressure in said tanks I, ,23 has been reduced to eight pounds, the electric wims 22 opens, causing the solenoid va veme'c bseana stop the discharge. At ithe' same ktiine,felectric switch 1-23 elose s, causin'gfmotor'fi'i f'to Icp'rat to pui'np liquid fuelinto saidtank II .Shouldthe use r a be-discontinued ,a't th'is ,ti'ine, prior'tolprsre cing reducedlin the pressure controhta'n'k] .to eight pounds, the finotor u will continue ft'o operate to pump' liquid'fuel into said tank I two and one-half gallons .have been pun ipe d therein,,-which- ,will raise the pressure therein to twenty-four poundg causing electricstvitch' vfi to open arid stop further pumping. -The -pressurereducing valves I-7, .=iil and may belie .any w k w We; a time. t e-Item forrn per-se, is no-part of-'this;i1 1vention,.,it= has QI'IOtTbBQIl g-deemed, necessary 1 to illustrate -and de- -.-seribe th sameind t i t e. It has been found, that with the liquid ,he

generatineror. .-ca bu t ns. t k. 1! a d h air lspassingz through the. liquid .ibeizng; under eonetinuonspressure :tjO :25 pounds, ienlyth -"li htes andcomparatively little of the volatile :endsofcthe el qlzid is iil'fimoyfld- '-I herefore,; -in ereturning the :li'quidstd ithesource of supply; izafter .carburetifl 752reductionainthe amountoiz olatile ends.1or.--,f;ree

gases, in the sourceof supply is so gradual that the supply may be used for a considerable time for carbureting a substantially uniformly rich mixture before the supply has lost volatile substance to an extent at which the carbureted mixture would be too' lean. Of course, at this point, a new source of supply should be tapped. In other words, the apparatus and method have been found to be highly eificient in operation with a given run of liquid from a source of supply which may be renewed, as the case may require.

As has been previously stated, the apparatus of this invention is particularly designed for installation at filling stations. the apparatus is supplied with hydrocarbon liquid from one of the underground storage or supply tanks of the filling station which supplies a service pump or pumps for dispensing the liquid for sale to the public. Thus, when the apparatus is so installed, the residue liquid, after carburation, is returned to this source of supply to mix with the liquid therein for sale therewith. Inasmuch as such storage, or supply, tanks are frequently refilled to replace the liquid dispensed, and may be maintained filled to a given level and the liquid during carburation is depleted of only comparatively little and only the lighter and volatile ends, such return of the liquid, after carburation, to this source of supply will not deplete the liquid in the source of supply, to any appreciable extent of volatile gases.

The foregoing will, it is believed, sufiice to impart a clear understanding of my invention without further explanation.

Manifestly, the invention, as described, is susceptible of modification without departing from the inventive concept, and right is herein reserved to such modifications as fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Having described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. Apparatus for forming a gaseous mixture of air and hydrocarbon liquid comprising a generating tank for receiving such liquid and air under pressure including a source of supply, means to supply such liquid under pressure to said tank, means to supply air under pressure to said tank to form with the liquid the gaseous mixture, a pressure-control tank communicating with the generating tank for receiving gas therefrom, means operative by rise of gas pressure in said pressure control tank to a predetermined degree for stopping the supply of liquid to the generating tank to limit the supply thereto, means operative to stop the supply of air to said generating tank when the gas pressure in said pressure-control tank rises above the predetermined pressure for stopping the supply of liquid to said generating tank, and means for discharging the liquid from said generating tank back to said source of supply concurrently with stopping of the supply of air thereto.

2. Apparatus for forming a gaseous mixture of air and hydrocarbon liquid comprising a generating tank for receiving such liquid and air under pressure, means to supply such liquid under pressure to said tank, means to supply air under prssure to said tank to form with the liquid the gaseous mixture, a pressure-control tank communicating with the generating tank for receiving When so installed,

gas therefrom, means operative by rise of gas pressure in said generating tank to a predetermined degree for stopping the supply of liquid to the generating tank to limit the supply thereto, means including an electro-magnetically operated valve operative to stop the supply of air to said generating tank and a pressure switch operated when the gas pressure in said pressure control tank rises above the predetermined pressure to control the first named valve for stopping the supply of air to the generating tank.

3. Apparatus for forming a gaseous mixture of air and hydrocarbon liquid comprising a generating tank for receiving such liquid and air under pressure, means to supply such liquid under pressure to said tank including a motor operated pump, means for supplying air under pressure to said tank to form with the liquid the gaseous mixture including an air pressure line having a control valve therein, a pressure-controltank communicating with the generating tank for receiving gas therefrom, means operative by rise of gas pressure in said generating tank to a predetermined degree for stopping said motor to limit the supply of liquid to said generating tank, and pressure operated means to close said valve and stop the supply of air to the generating tank when the gas pressure in the pressure-control tank rises above the predetermined degree for stopping the motor.

4. Apparatus for forming a gaseous mixture of air and hydrocarbon liquid comprising a generating tank for receiving such liquid and air under pressure, means to supply such liquid under pressure to said tank including a motor operated pump and a source of supply, means for supplying air under pressure to said tank to form with the liquid the gaseous mixture including an air pressure line having acontrol valve therein, a pressure-control tank communicating with the generating tank for receiving gas therefrom, means operative by rise of gas pressure in said pressurecontrol tank to a predetermined degree for stopping said motor to limit the supply of liquid to said generating tank, means to close said valve and stop the supply of air to the generating tank when the gas pressure in the pressure control tank rises above the predetermined degree for stopping the motor, and means for discharging theliquid from said generating tank back to said source of supply concurrently with closing of said valve.

LORRON L. WARRINER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1 332,025 Heyne Nov. 17, 1931 1,894,607 Carr Jan. 17, 1933 1,964,315 Cordes June 26, 1934 2,050,567 Grifiin Aug. 11, 1936 2,152,978 Schisler Apr. 4, 1939 2,207,689 Baker July 9, 1940 2,408,439 Muchlhafer Oct. 1, 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 251,798 Great Britain May 13, 1926 

